Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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Editor
P.Bhattacharjee
Director of Agriculture
Joint Editors
H.Thankhuma
Dy. Director of
Agriculture
(Extension)
R.Zoramthanga
AAIO
Directorate of
Agriculture
Circulation Manager
Pi Vanramthangi
SMS(SS)
Zoram Loneitu-a thu
chhuah duh nei emaw,
lehkha thawn duh emaw
chuan a hnuaia Adress-
ah thawn tur a ni.
Editor
ZORAM LONEITU
P.O. BOX-098
Dte of Agriculture
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pin - 796001
1. Editorial …………………………………………………………………..
2. Thlasik Vaimim chin dan …………………………………………..
- Collected by: R.Zoramthanga, AAIO
3. Hmunphiah (The Golden Grass) ………………………………..
- K.Laltanpuia, AAI
4. Mizo Kuthnathawktute leh Hun ……………………………….
- K.Laltanpuia, AAI
5. Hmarcha chin hlawk dan ………………………………………….
- Khawtinthanga Ralte, AEO (Rtd.)
6. Tlangram Loa Fertilizers Hman Dan ………………………….
- Zoramthanga SDAO
7. Thlai Enkawlna Damdawi Hman Dikloh Pawizia ……….
- R. Zoramthanga, AAIO
8. Education – Boon or Doom (Eraser or Detainer?) ……..
- H.Joela, So – Cum – S.A.
9. Hranghluite huang …………………………………………………..
- Pu Khawtinthanga Ralte, AEO (Rtd)
10. KEIMAHNI ……………………………………………………………….
11. Kuthnathawktute tana thil lawmawm,
Department of Minor Irrigation ……………………………….
CONTENTS
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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Editorial…………………………………………….
Bible chuan, "Thihthlengin rinawmin lo awm rawh, tichuan nunna Lallukhum ka pe
ang che" a ti a. Rinawmna hi mihringte awmdan tura siam Pathian thil tum pawimawh tak
mai a ni reng a ni.
Chhungkua, khawtlang leh ramah "sawrkar hnathawhnaah te hian mi rinawm te
chuan, "Ka rinawm a, min ring rawh u" ti ti lo mahse, an mizia leh an nun ah leh in leh lo an
enkawl a, an khawsakna ah miin an nun an chhiar thiam nghal mai thin a. Rinawmna ngaina
tak chunga an kut a thil ti tlat mai mite chuan fak an hlawh in, ngaihsan an hlawh thin a;
hlawh tlinna duhawm tak an mahniah hmuh tur leh zir tur a awm thin a ni. An lallukhum
hmuh tur pawh he khawvelah hian a takin an dawng nghal thin a; Pathian hriatna duhawm
tak nei chunga rinawm taka thil ti mite phei chuan lawmman hlu tak an dawng ngei dawn
bawk a ni.
Mizote hi kan pi leh pu te atang renga rinawmna ngaina leh vawng nung thin kan ni
a. Tun anga kawngka Tala lianpui a kalh a, Gate tha tak tak a inkalh hi a awm ngai lova. An
kut hnathawhnaah pawh hmanrua an neih chhun ang te hmang tlatin, taima leh rinawm
taka thawk thin an nih avangin buh leh bal pawh an intodelh thin hle a nih kha.
Tunah pawh hian kan hnathawhna apiangah, kan khawsakna apiangah rinawmna
hi vawng nung thar zel ila, kan tan, khawtlang tan, ram leh hnam tan than lenna tha tak a lo
thleng chho zel dawn nia. Rinawmna hi i nunpui zel ang u.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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THLASIK VAIMIM CHIN DAN
Collected by .
R Zoramthanga, A.A.I.O
Tuna kumtina India rama vaimim chin zat chu 6 million ha. hmun vel a ni a. Vaimim
chinna State pawimawh leh langsar te chu Uttar Pradesh (1.9 million ha.), Bihar (0.9 million
ha.), Punjab (0.7million ha.), Rajasthan (0.9million ha.), Madhya Pradesh (0.85million ha.),
Karnataka (0.33 million ha.) leh Andra Pradesh (0.3 million ha.) te an ni. Kum tlemte (1993-
1996) kal ta a record dan chuan thlasik Vaimim hi a tlangpuiin hectare khatah 22.49 qtls
thar ang a ni a. Maharastra (14.5qt/ ha)-ah te ai chuan Karnataka (25.3 qt/ha), Andra
Pradesh (3 1.9qt/ha) leh Tamil Nadu (15qt/ha)-ah te hian a thar tam deuh bik a ni.
Thlasik Vaimim chinna hmun thenkhata a thar that loh chhan chu culti-var thar
tlem chi chin vangte, leh a kungte enkawl that tawk loh vang niin a lang. Thlasik Vaimim
(rabi) hi fur Vaimim (Kharif) aiin a thar a hlawk zawk avangin, Vaimim thar hlawk leh thar
tam theihna awlsam ber chu Thlasik Vaimim chin uar hi a ni. IARI-ina a thar tha chite leh
thlasik Vaimim hlawk zawk a tih theih anih nana a enkawl leh tihdan turte a duan hma
chuan Thlasik Vaimim chin hi thil tih chi leh hlawk lutuk niin a lang lova. Amaherawhchu,
enchhinnaah te pawh a chi tha cultivar thlan a, a enkawl dan lama a mamawh dan ang taka
enkawl a nih chuan, India rama Vaimim thar zat chu USA leh Europe vela antharte aiin a
tlem bik chuang lo hial a ni.
Thlasik Vaimim thar chhan te :
Fur leh thlasik Vaimimte hian enkawl dan dik an ngaih ve ve laiin, fur Vaimim hi chu
ruah chungchang sawi lawk theih lohna avangin a hmun tur buatsaih chungchangah te
harsatna a awm thei thin. Hetih lai hian hetiang harsatna hi thlasik lai chuan a awm ve lova,
chuvangin a hmun buatsaih leh thil dangte chu duh hun takah ruah tihbuai lohvin a tih mai
theih thin. Chubakah, senso inang rau rauah pawh thlasik Vaimim hi a thar that zawk
nachhan thin chu thlai eichhetu rannungte leh natna dang dang te hi khaw vawh lai hian an
awm duh loh vang a ni. Thlasik laia vaimim chin a thatna chhante han tarlang ta ila :-
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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(i) Ruahtui chung chang: Fur laia Vaimim chin chuan harsatna chi hrang hrang, tui tam
avanga Vaimim kung tuiin a chiah reng te, leitha ruah tuiin a tih riralte leh, a vui hmaa a
kung a hnawn avanga a kung lo hmuar(tawih) ta maite a awm thei thin. Amaherawhchu,
heng harsatnate hi thlasik Vaimimah chuan a awm ve loh mai bakah, a hmuna hnathawh hi
duh hun apiangah a tih theihin, ruahin rokhawlhna a siam ve lo. Tin, thlasik Vaimim chuan
nisa a dawng tha bik bawk a ni. Thlasika darkar 7-8 vel ni sa a hmuh laiin, furah chuan
darkar 3-5 vel chauh a hmu a ni.
(ii) Sikleh Sa thu-ah : Thlasik laia zan boruak vawt hi thlasik Vaimim hian a ngeih em em a,
Chubakah thlai tana chaw siam chhhuak thintu a hnahte a len that avang leh hun a duh rei
biknate hian a thar a lo tam nan kawngro a su hle bawk.
(iii) Leitha pek a sawtpui bik : Thlasik boruak hi Vaimim tan a that avangin leitha pekte hi
fura pek aiin a that phah em em a. Tin, leitha kan pekte pawh hi a rilral mai mai tur hi lei leh
tuite atul ang a kan enkawl chuan a lo veng thei bawk. Leitha hi sum tam tak senna a ni a.
Amaherawhchu, thlasik Vaimim hi chuan kan han sawi takte avang khian fertilizer a
mamawh zatte a riral mai mai lo a, a hman tangkai zel avangin a chinna atan sum sen pawh
a titlem bawk.
(iv) A eichhetu rannungte leh natna enkawl : Fur Vaimim angin Thlasik Vaimim hian
natnate leh a eichhetu rannungte chungchangah buaina a tawk ve lo. A chhan chu thlasik
laia boruak vawt leh boruaka hnawng awm lo(boruak ro) hi heng rannung leh natnate hian
an duh loh vang a ni.
(v) A bi awl a tlem : Ruah avanga harsatna tam tak awm theite a awm loh avangte, a
eichhetu rannung leh natna avanga a kung eichhiatte a awm loh avangin a bi awl hi a tlem
bik bawk a ni. Hei hi a thar tam nan thil pawimawh tak a ni.
(vi) Hnim lakah ven a awlsam : Fur laia Vaimim chin chuan hnim a lo tam awl bik a. Tin, a
chinna hmuna hnathawhte pawh ruahsur hian a tikhawlhkham fo thin. Amaherawhchu,
thlasik lai chuan khua a vawtin ruåhte a sur ve lova, chuvangin hnim lo awmte pawh
awlsam takin a thlawh fai theih a hi, hnim tihfai hian leitha kan pekte pawh hi Vaimim
kungte chuan nasa zawkin an lo hmang tangkai thin a ni.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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A chinna atana hmun tha te :
Vaimim hi India ram chhim phaizawlah 32°N thlengin hlawk taka chin theih a ni.
Thlasik vaimim hi vur tlak (dai khal) lohna hmunah a chin theih a. Sik leh sa thu ah chuan a
hun chhung hian 12°C aia sang a ni tur niin, vur tlakna hmun a ni lo tur a ni. A chin hun leh
seng hun inkara vur a tlak fo thin chuan a kungin a tuar nasa hle thin. Chuti a nih chuan
India ram hmun hrang hranga thlasik Vaimim chin theih nate chu Bihar, Uttar Pradesh,
Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan chhak lam leh chhim
lam, Sikkim hmun hniam lai te, Hmarchhak State te, West Bengal, Punjab leh Haryana te an
ni. Karnataka, Bihar, Andra Pradesh Leh Tamil Nadu-ah te thlasik Vaimim chinna hmun hi
tam sawt hle a, tin, State dang, abik takin India khawchhak lam (East)-ah ah te hian a tha
duh lehzual.
Loneitu Wheat Ching thin tan, an chinna hmun-ah Wild Oat (Phalaris Minor) (buh
lem) a lo awm vakin thlasik Vaimim chin hi atangkai em em a, 'thlasik Vaimim a tlara chin a,
a lo to chhuah hmaa Atrazin (hnim tur) hman hnua a tlar inkar han chawh phut leh hian
hnim hnah zawng zawng deuhthaw a veng thin. Hetianga loneituin a tih chuan a field-ah
chuan a chunga kan sawi hnim khi kum hnih kum thum chu a veng thei a ni. Tichuan, a duh
chuan loneitu chuan Wheat pawh chu ngaihngam takin chu mi hmunah tho chuan a ching
leh thei a ni.
THAR HNEM TURA A CHIN DAN LEH A ENKAWL DANTE :
1. A chi (Cultivar) thlan : A chi thlan hian thlasik Vaimim chin a hlawk leh hlawk loh
leh a thar that chungchangte a hril thui hle a. Fur laia an chin thin tlangpui hote hi thlasika
chin chuan a thar tha dawn lo a. Chuvang chuan lo neitute chuan hybrid thar hnem chi
chauh thlasikah chin tur a ni. Hlawk taka thar tur chuan F1 hybrid chi te hi chin thin tur a ni.
Hybrid (thlan pawlh) recomend-ho hian a tlangpuiin a thar tamin 60% — 80% in local
varieties te ho aiin a tam a; hectare khat zelah 6 tones emaw a aia tam emaw thar thei ang a
ni. Maize Hybrid leh composite thlasik North-East a chin atana thlante leh India ram State
zawng zawnga chin theih tura thlante Table 1 leh Table 2-ah tarlan a ni.
Table - 1 : North East Region:
Hybrid Ganga 11, Deccan 103, 105,
Trisulata, KEI-5981, 1382 (3054)1C1705
Composites Dhawal, NLD
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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Table -2 : State zawng zawng tan :
Ran chaw Vaimim : African Tall, J-1006
Pop Corn (Puakzo) : Amber Popcom, Pearl Popcom
Sweet Corn : Madhuri, Composit
Sweet corn
(Vaimim thlum)
Quality Protein atan : Shakti-1
Baby corn : VL-42, Early composite
2. A chin hun : A chin hun dik tak thlan hi fur Vaimimah aiin thlasik Vaimimah a pawimawh
a. October thla chawhnu lam leh November thla chawhma lam hi India ram hmar lamah
chuan a vawh chak em avangin chi tuh te an to chhuak harin a kungte pawh an thang mawh
a. Chuvang chuan chin tlai chuan a thar pawh a tlem phah thin. Chubakah, chin tlai chuan
natna pakhat, common rust a tam duh bik bawk. Hei hi a hun taka chinah chuan a awm ve lo.
Chin tlai avanga a thar tlem hi hmun hrang hrangah a inang vek lem lo. State hrang hranga
thar that zawk nana a chin hunte chu :
States A chin hun
Bihar 20 Oct.-10 Nov.
Uttar Pradesh 15 Oct. -10 Nov.
Andhra Pradesh 15 Oct.- 15 Nov.
Gujarat 15 Oct.-10 Nov.
Maharastra 20 Oct.-10 Nov.
Tamil Nadu 15 Oct.-10 Nov.
Madhya Pradesh 15 Oct.-15 Nov.
Karnataka 15 Oct.- 15 Nov.
West Bengal & -
North East Region 15 Oct.-10 Nov.
Orissa 15 Oct-10 Nov
Punjab 25 Oct.-30 Nov.
Haryana 25 Oct.-30 Nov.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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A chin hun laia a vawh viauna State thenkhat Punjab leh Haryana angah te chuan a
chi chu lei pawngah tuh tur a ni. Lei pawng chhak leh thlang zawnga thlur siama a chhim
lam pangah a chi chu tuh tur a ni. Hetia tih hian a chinna (seed- bed) hian ni a hmuh that
phah a ni.
3. Vaimim Phun sawn, (Transplant):
Vaimim tiak hi a phun sawn theih tho, a bik takin India hmar thlang leh phai chhak
lam atan Vaimim Phun sawn hi buh tlai chi seng hnuah te, fu seng hma chi zawhah emaw,
favang fu te nena chin pawlhahte pawh a tha hle a ni. Tin, tuilian a kam harna hmun
thenkhat - Diara leh Tal hmunahte chawhnu lama phunsawn turin Nov. 21-31 chhung hian
nursery-ah tuh tur a ni a. Hetianga tih hian main field-a tlai deuh hleka tuh nghal aiin a thar
a thahnem duh bik a ni. Hectare I-na Phun turin, a chi 25 Kg. chu hectare 1/10 hmunah tuh
tur a ni a. Tin, a tlar leh tlar inkar chu 20-22 cm ani tur ani bawk. Tin, a chi tuh hmain,
nursery-ah chuan FYM @ 1.5 - 2.2t, 7.5 Kg. N, 2.5 Kg. P
2
0
5
, 3.0 Kg. K
2
0 leh 1.0 Kg Zinc
sulphate pek tur ani. Hlo tur Atrazine @1 Kg/ha. a to hmaa hman chi hi hman a tha bawk.
Tichuan, Vaimim tiakte chu field, a chhak leh thlang zawnga thlura lei dah pawna
chhim lamah emaw field zawl pangngaiah emaw phunsawn tur a ni. Vaimim tiak, pawh
tawhte chu daihlimah dah a, a rang thei anga field-ah phunsawn nghal tur a ni. Field zawl
pangngaiah chuan Vaimim tiakte chu khuarah phuna a zungte chu tha taka lei a, vur leh tur
a ni. Lei dah pawna phunsawn hi field zawl pangngaia phunsawn ai chuan a thar hnem duh
bik. Tichuan, Phun sawn veleh tui pek nghal tur a ni a, tichuan ni 8/9 velah a vawihnihna
chu pek leh tur a ni.
4. Fertilizer chungchang :
Fur lai angin thlasikah chuan ruahin a fertilizer a tih riral ve loh avangin thlasikah
chuan fertilizer pek zat inangah pawh Vaimim In a hmang tangkai hnem zawk a. Chuvang
chuan vaimim thar chhuahna man a tlawm zawk a ni.
Tin, lei tha (FYM) a awm a nih chuan, a chin hmain leiah pek tur a ni. A chhan chu
Fertilizer rigawt hman ai chuan heng hnim leh thil dah tawihte nena tan tlan hian a thar tha
duh bik.
A. Fertilizer pek tat tur : Fertilizer pek zat tur hi a lei that dan leh a hmaa a hmun lo
enkawl dan a zirin a danglam thei awm e. A tlangpuiin 120:60:40 Kg/ha. NPK hi pek thin ni.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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B. Fertilizer pek dan : Hmun lia thena hmun khat Nirtrogen, Phosphorus leh Potash
pum pul chu a chin/phun hmain pektur a ni a. Tichuan, Nitrogen la bang zawng chu a inzat
chiahin vawi hnih pek leh tur a ni. Nitrogen pum pui atanga a chanve (60kg) chu vaimim
kung chu khup chen vel an nih hunah pek tur ani a, a dang zawng chu a par tuamtu a hnah a
lo Ian hunah pek tur a ni. A hnah leitha alin a tih nat loh nan a kung atanga 15-20cm vela hla
ah pek tur a ni.
Nitrogen fertilizer a chin hnua pek hi leia vur lehin a tha duh bik a hriat a ni.
5. A kung tam lam leh a chi zat:
A thar huna hectare khata a kung 90,000 awm hi thlasik Vaimimah chuan a thar a
tha tawk viau a. Tin, a tlar leh tlar inkar 60cm leh tlar khata a kung leh kung inkar chu 18 cm
a nihin hectare khata a kung awm zat hi duhthusam a ni. Hemi tur hlan a chi 20-22 kg
hectare khat atan kan mamawh a. Tin, a chite hi chin/tuh an nih hmain zan khat tuilum
(45°C)-ah chiah tur a ni. Hetianga tih hian a to thain a kung a hrisel duh bik a. Tichuan a chi
4-5 cm-a thukah tuh tur a ni.
6. Hnim laka ven :
Hnim hnahthlai chi leh di lampang chi chu Atrazin@1Kg/ha. hmangin hneh takin, a
control theih a. Heihi a chi kan tuh kha a lo to chhuah hmaa pek tur a ni. Chu bakah vawi
hnih khat a tlar inkarte tihfai bawk tur a ni.
7. Tui pek hun : Thlasik laia ruahtui tla ringawt hi chu hybrid thlasik Vaimim thar hnem chi
tan hian a tawk lo hle a. Chuvang chuan a hun taka tui mamawh zat pek hi thlasik Vaimim
hlawhtling tak a thar thei tur chuan a pawimawh em em a ni. Lei tui pawm hnem thei lo tur
chiff chuan lei chu a hnawng (Moisture) deuhin a thar hun thlengin tui pek tur a ni. Lei chu
tui pawm hnem duh deuh chi a nih erawh chuan, a par hma zawng chu tui tam vak lo (30%
soil moistüre) pek a, a kawm a insiamlai leh a fang a insiam lai vel chuan aia tamin (70% soil
moisture) pek tur ani. Hetiang anga tuia lei awmdan a zir leh a kung dinhmun a zira tui pek
hian a thar tha duh thin.
Thlasik Vaimim tui vawi li atanga vawi ruk pek a ngai a. Tui chu vawi ruk pek a nih
chuan hetianga pek tur a ni. A kawm a insiam hmain ni 20-25 danah vawi hnih, (hei hi a tul
pawimawh hle) a par laiin vawihnih a par zawhah leh vawi khat a fang a insiam tan hun
velah. Tui hi vawi nga peka nih chuan a kawm a insiam hmaa a chunga pek tura kan sawi
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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pakhat zawk hi pek loh mai tur a ni a; tui hi vawi li chauh pek anih erawh chuan a fang a
insiam hnua vawi khat pekhi pek loh leh _mai tur a ni. Amaherawhchu, ruahtui a tam tawk
chuan a remchan dan anga a chunga kan sawi dan ang khi chu tihdanglam mai tur a ni.
8. Thlai dang nena chin pawlh :
Be lampang thar hma chi te, thlai an chi hrang hrang te, hriak nei chi thlaite nen
hian thlasik Vaimim hi hlawhtling takin a chin pawlh theih a. Hetianga thlai dang nena chin
pawlh hian Vaimim thar zat hi a tlem phah lo a, thlai dang atanga lo thar ve awm hi a hlawk
a ni.
A hnuaia thlaite hi Vaimim nena chin pawlh theih a ni.
Sl No
Thlai Chin Pawl Theih
1
Chana, Lentil, Bepui Motor chana
2
Chana, Bepui, Alu, Purun sen, Motor Chana
3
Methi, Dhania, Nihawi Cluster, Bean
4
Chana, Lentil, Purun sen Purun var leh
Methi
9. A kung than dan chungchang :
Thlasik Vaimim chu a tuh/chin laia khua a vawh a vangin a thang muang a. Janu-
ary chawhnu lam leh February inkar hian a thang chak leh a. Tichuan a fangte chu a lo sak
deuh hunah seng tur a ni.
10. Thlai venhim :
i) Natna : Natna lam panga harsatna hi thlasik Vaimimah hian a nep deuh a.
Amaherawhchu, natna thenkhat turcicum leaf blight leh common rust te hi a tlemin emaw
a nasa deuh pawhin a awm ve thina. Tin, a par hnuah natna dang, charcoal rod an tih hi,
chin tlai Vaimimah leh a seng hun laia khua a luma, lei a ro viaunaahte a awm duh bawk.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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Heng natnate avanga a thar zat a dem loh nan chuan heng natna do theihna nei
variety thlån tur a ni. Charcoal rod natna ven dan tha ber chu a seng hun laia lei a ro loh nan
tui pek hi a ni. Tin, 'rust' leh turcicum leaf blight natna atan Mancozeb (Dithane M-
45)hman tur a ni.
(ii) A eichhetu rannung : Thlasik Vaimim hi fur Vaimim eichhe thintu rannungte laka
fihlima hriat a ni a. Amaherawhchu a kung nget (borers) chil hnih, Chilo Pariellus leh
Sesamita inferens-te hi a eichhetu ber te an ni. Heng rannungte control nan hian, ni 10-15 a
upa Vaimim kungah Endosulfan (35EC) 0.1% kah a, chumi hnu ni 15-ah 4% Endosulfan
granules@15 Kg/ha. theh leh tur a ni. Biharah chuan pangang kung ei chhum chi (climbing
cut worm) hi a eichhetu ber a ni a. Hei hi a lo tiah hnuni 45-55 ah, Endosulfan 0.05 in emaw
qurinalphos 3G@0.5% a kah a, hei bakah hian a tiah atanga ni 20-na ah trichlorophon 5G
emaw Carbofuran 30 emaw 0.5 KG/Ha. theh leh a tha. Hemi theh hnuhnung zawk atanga ni
20 velah vawikhat theh leh tur a ni.
India hmar lamahte vur vangin, Vaimim tiak lo chhe deuh mah se, tlema khua a lo
lum leh hunah a rawn tha leh mai tura ngaih a ni. Hei hi a theihna chhan chu a lo thanna lai
tak (growing point) hi tha taka hliahkhuh a nih avang leh lei hnaih tea awm a nih vang a ni.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
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HMUNPHIAH (The Golden Grass)
-C. LaichhungaARCS (Rtd.)
Hmunphiah hi :
Saptawng chuan - Broom Grass/Tiger Grass an ti a
Hindi chuan - Pirlu an ti a
Botanical name chu - Thysanolaena Maxima/lndica a ni
Mizote tan chuan - Hmunphiah (The Golden Grass of Mizoram) kan ti ve mai
Ang chu.
Zoram mipuite, thingtlang loneitu te leh mi harsa zualte tana dinchhuah dan tur hi a
bangbo hle mai a, a mangan thlakin loneitute, kawla ni chhuak chhiar a hnathawk thin te tan
phei chuan a mangan thlak zualin rilru in ar bo a zawng tak meuh meuhin a lang. Kan ramah
hian scheme lian leh policy tha pui pui heng - Jhum Control/Garden Colony te, NLUP leh MIP
pawh kan lo nei tawh hlawm a, amaherawhchu heng policy te hi an that hlawm tehlul nen
mipuiten kan dawng thiam tawk lo nge sorkar pawhin kan enkawl zui thiam tawk lo,
mipuiteah a hlawhthlinna percentage duhthusam chuan a sang tawk lo hle tih chu kan hre
theuh awm e.
Tunah hian kan ram rethei leh harsa zualte tana malsawmna lo thleng, kan ram
chhanchhuahna tur thil thar pakhat kan hmu chhuak mek, chu chu "HMUN- PHIAH" hi a ni.
He thil tha hi chanchinbuah te kan chhiarin TV-ah te kan hmuin All India Radio-ah te kan
kan ngaithla ta zauh zauh a, he thil hmuhchhuah hi kan ramin thil tha tam tak kan
hmuhchhuah tawhte zingah thilhmuhchhuah hiu her pakhat chu a la ni ngei ang. Mimal
pawh, chhungkua pawh, ram pawhin dinchhuah nan te, hausak nan te, kawng hrang hrang a
hmasawn nan te thil thar hmuh chhuah an nei fo thin a, heng thil hmuh chhuahte hi a hmu
chhuaktu mimal emaw chhungkua emaw sorkar emaw tan pawh an hlu em em vek a ni.
Keini pawhin kan rama hnim ho mai maia kan ngaih, thlawhhma zauh hleih theih lohna
khawpa tam, kan ram thenawm Meghalaya-te chuan kum tam tak atanga an lo hmuh
chhuaha an lo hausakpui tawhna “HMUNPHIAH" hi kan han hmuh fuh ve tak tak hunah
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
13
chuan thingtlang kuthnathawktu/loneitu hoten intodelh nan maia hmang lovin, hausak ve
nan kan hmang ngei ang. (Hei hi chu kan survey tawh zawng zawng atang chuan sawi ngam
a ni).
Awle, hmunphiah chanchinah a- zawng-a-za chu hre rih lo mah ila, a ngaihven leh a
hre chiang duhtute tan chuan ngaihtuah tham a tling tak meuh mai. Hmunphiah hi Zoram
mipuite, eizawnna ngel nghet nei lo te tan eizawnna tha leh tlo nimai lovin mi harsa zualte
tan leh rahbi tleu tawhte tana dinchhuah ve theihna tur atana Pathian min pek a ang khawp
mai. Hmunphiah hi Meghalaya tih loh India ram hmun hrang hrangah te leh ram thenawm
Bangladesh-ah te pawh a tam ve vak lovin an sawi. Mizoram a hmunphiah tualto mai pawh
hi a tam tawk hle a, hmunphiah hmunte siam a, ching ve tak takte chu ni ila, Mizoram hian
hmingthanpuina tham kan nei dawnin a lang. Hetiang hian hmunphiah chanchin leh a
thatzia etc. i han sawi zau teh ang.
Hmunphiah hi :-
1. A chin harsa si lo.
2. A hmun tur lah duh ang zat zat a zau a la neih theih si.
3. Thar rang si.
4. Tha duh em em si.
5. A man to si.
6. A market chiangsa thlap si.
7. Foreign Market hawlh thleng thei ni bawk si.
8. A sengkhawm harsa si lo.
9. A chi sem lah ngaihtuah buai ngai si lo.
10. Vawikhat chin nun tawh chuan dam rei em em si (A chingtu dam Chen?)
11. Mizoram boruak a ngeih si.
12. Leilet leh hmunzawl tha ngai chuang si lo.
13. Lei tha (Fertilizer) pek ngai si lo.
14. Tui laka chawm ngai si lo.
15. Thlipui leh ruahpuiin a tih chhiat ve ngai si loh.
16. Khaw lum leh khawkheng pawh pawisa lo.
17. Ei chhetu leh ti chhetu rannung lam pawh awm ve mang si lo. (Mithiamte sawidan)
18. Thlawh leh sam fai lutuk ngai si lo.
19. A hnah ran chaw atana tha em em si.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
14
20. A kung paper siam nan te, meihawltui (vinegar) atan te leh lei bang zut hnan atan te tha
em em si.
21. Kan rama hmunphiah tam ber hi a tha ber chi, (super quality 80% vel) an ni leh zel si.
22. Kan rama kan huan thlai hoten an hlauh ber meikang haw ve si 10, a kan pawh a tha duh
zawk si.
23. Kan rama mirethei ber leh hausa ber pawhin awlte a an thawh theih vek si a ni.
Heng aia kan Zoram mipui tan kan zavaia changkanna tur a awm thei dawn em ni?
Thlir zauna :
1. India ramah chuan Meghalaya State khu Ching nasa ber an ni a, kumtin truck trip 3000
vel an thawn chhuak thin a. A tha ber chi (Super Quality) chu a hriatte sawi dan chuan 20%
chauh a ni. Trip khatah hian Qtl. 150 vel an phur tlangpui a, Qtl. 1 man chu Rs. 2,200 a ni,
trip khat man chu Rs.3,30,000a ni a, trip 3000 man chu Rs. 99,00,00,000 vel a ni.
2. Mizoram chuan trip 70 vel kumin hian thawnchhuah a ni. Forest De-partment ten an sawi
dan chuan Mizorama kan thar chhuah dan chu hetiang a ni. (1 Bundle = 50kg).
Kum
Bundle
Quintal
In Rupees
2002 - 03
9,290
4,545
10219000
2003 - 04
8,140
4,070
8954000
2004 - 05
5,500
2,750
6050000
2005 - 06
6,750
3,375
7425000
2006 - 07
21,000
10,500
23100000
Trip khat hi 150Qtls. a ngaih a ni tlangpui. 70 trip (10500qtls) man chu Rs. 2,31,00,000
(Nuai zahnih sawmthumpakhat) man a ni.
2. Hmunphiah hi kan chaw pui ber buhfai aia to ani a. Buhfai tha tak hi Kg khat Rs.
16/17 vel a nia Hmunphiah chu Mizoram awt chhuah Vairengte-ah Kg khat Rs. 22 man a ni
thung.
4. Hmunphiah hi tunah hian Mizoram Forest Produce Marketing Agency (MIFMA) ten
hmalak nan an hmang mek a ni.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
15
5. Hmunphiah hralh tura zawn khawm te, chhung tin ina chin danah te leh a hralh
lehna lam Market thleng pawhin Co-operative Society anga hmalakna remchang em em leh
hetiang zawnga hmalak tur hi kan hmabak a ni tih i ngaihtuah tlang teh ang u. Co-opera- tive
base-in kan Development hnate leh kan eizawnna zawng zawngte hi hmalak nan kalpui ila,
Mizoram hi kan hniam miah lovang. Chutiang tur chuan mipui leh kuthnathawktute zawng
zawng ngaihtuahna hmang turin ka ngen e. Sorkar pawhin hei hi chu ngai pawimawhin
chhut Chiang se a tha ngawt ang.
6. Hmunphiah siam hlawk zia hi ICAR Scientist ten an lo zir chhuak tawh a, a kung pun
Chak dan, a thar hlawk dan leh eng Chemical nge a pai tih te an lo zir chiang tawh a, an thil
hmuh leh hriat chhuahte chu hetiang hi a ni. Keini, Hmunphiah chin tumte pawhin ngun
taka kan study ve a tul ang.
Chutichuan Hmunphiah hi kan ram tana a that turzia te, ei leh bar kawnga
miretheihote tan eizawnna ngelghet mai pawh ni lo, din chhuahna leh hausak ve theihna tur
khawpa tha tur ni angin kan han sawi zau ta nual a. Hei bakah hian Hmunphiah hi lo Ching
tak tak ta ila, kan ram tana malsawmna a nih theih dan tur point tlemtein i han sawi zau leh
teh ang.
1) Shifting Cultivation thlak nan a tha. Shifting Cultivation kan thlak thei lo leh, thlak dan tur
kan ram hian kan hre mai thei lo hi sawrkar leh mipui pawhin manganhlak kan ti a, kan
thlak theih nan Hmunphiah chin hi a remchang ber ang.
2) Kan rama phulleng/ram bua tawh zawng zawng lo neihna atana tlak tawh loh hi
Hrnunphiah hmunah hlu takah kan chantir ang a, ava tha dawn em!
3) Mmunphiah hmun leh sum chang thlai hmuna kan hman tangkai bak zawng zawng chu
nei phul tawh lovin kan zuah ngaw ang a, Chutichuan kan ram Zim tak hi a zavaiin kan
hmangtangkai (utilised) dawn tihna a lo ni a, Mizoram hi a nuamin ram ngaw mawi tak kan
lo nei thei dawn a ni. Green Mizoram tia kan Sorkar hmalakna nasa tak te, Forest Depart-
ment in kan ram ngawa siam leh tura a hma lakna zawng zawngte hi kan tanpui nasa em em
dawn tihna a lo ni a, Sorkar pawhin policy lian pui hmanga hmalakna tham a ni.
4) Khawvel boruak lo lum zel (Global Warming) tih nepna atana khawvelin nasa taka hma a
lakna zawng zawng ah hian Mizoramin nasa takin tha kan lo thawh ve tihna a ni nghal bawk
ang a, International Policy-ah automatically-in kan lo lut ve tihna a ni nghal bawk ang.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
16
MIZO KUTHNATHAWKTUTE LEH HUN
— K. Laltanpuia, A.A.I.
Ahmingin State hrang hrang fangin vawi 16 ka lo feh chhuak ve ta a. Ei leh bara
Mizoram kan intodelh lohna chhan ber pakhat chu Kuthnathawktu ten hnathawh nana HUN
kan pek tlem vang a ni ti ila, a sual tam lovang. Japan leh Korea te chuan nikhatah darkar 10-
12 hun an hmang tih kan hria a. Chutiang nena khaikhin chuan Mizote hi chu zak chem
chem awm kan ni. Thenkhat chu nikhata darkar 10 aia tam in DOSPATI te, leng mai mai te
kan la awm a ni.
Agriculture Department-a thawktute hian an thawh tur an thawk lo em ni? ti dawn
ila, State dang Agriculture Department leh a thawktute thawh dan kan hria a. Mizoram state
a Officer te leh Staff-te thawh dan chu kan ngaihsan State Punjab, Bihar leh Haryana te
pawhin hahipin min sawi a. State thenkhatte chuan “Mizoram Agriculture Department
chuanin lo neitute chu naute chaw pek angin (Spoon Feed-ing) in enkawl a, in fakawm" an ti
ve thin. State dangah chuan, leitha, thlai chi leh thlai venna damdawi te hi a man pangngai
(full cost) in dawr atangin lo neituten an lei mai a. Mizoramah erawh chuan loneituten a
man chanve chu sawi loh a thlawna neih/pek an la beisei tlat nia.
Zoram loneitute zingah chuan a ti tak tak leh mi taima a piang enkawl leh tihdan
kawhhmuh an nuam a, Agriculture Technology thar zel pawh a taima apiangin an hlawkpui
thin.
Fiamthu a ni lo, Agriculture Office- ah hian lo leng ve teh reng u, in hre ve mai ang.
Thenkhat chu taima bera insawiin a thlawna Office-a thil dil tur zawng ringawtin an
chawhma der zel a. A tam zawk chuan a thlawna dil tur a lo awm chuan a thawktute hnenah
application ziahna tur paper an han dil a, a ziahna tur Pen an han dil leh a, a tawpah, "Ka
ziak thiam lo min han ziah teh" an han ti leh a. Dik tak chuan a thawh tak tak peih si lo, dil
tur zawnga vak vak, an dil hmuh chhun pawh mual leh lama va hralh leh mai ho hi a nia
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
17
Agriculture Department sawi sel a, chanchinbu a tial ching chu.
He kan ram leilung, Sik leh sa leh ruahtui awmdan hmang thiam a, hlawk zawk leh
tam zawka Buh leh thlai thar chhuak tur khawpin HUN kan pe lo em em a ni. Ramdangin an
neih loh leh an chin ve ngai loh awm mai mai ni (HUN) kan ngah lutuk tlat. Vaitawngah
chuan AWLLEN LAI tih tawngkam hi a awm ka ring lova, Saptawng leh Japan tawngah phei
chuan a awm lo leh zual ang.
Kum 2007 YMA General Conference chuan ka beisei loh lutukin Conference chu
kumtin hman turin an rawt thlu leh ta tlat mai, mak tak a ni, YMA conference leh a vuakvet
in tha leh hun a heh tehreng nen hian. Salvation Army Thalaite chuan, 'Mizo Thalaiten
hnathawhna hun kan neih tam zawk nan kumkhat danah khawmpui an nei tawh a. Pawl tin
hian entawn ila a tha ngawt ang.
Khawpuia chengte chu sawi lovah lo dah ta ila. Zokhuaa Thalai rual hna thawk
rualte hian hnathawh nan hun kan hmang tlem ta em a ni. Buh pawh hi thar tlem awm reng
kan ni, kan hnathawh hian thar tam a phu tlat lo a lawm. Zingkar hun kan ngah lutuk,
Khawmpui a tam, Tournament a lo ni, Inneih leh lungphunte nen. Kum khata ni 365-ah hian
hnathawh hun a tlem em a ni. Chief Minister chu sawi loh Vantirhkoh pawhin Switzerland of
the East ah min siam tum se, tuna kan hnathawh dan ang hi chuan a hlawhtling chuangin a
rinawm loh. Kan huan leh kan thlawhhma hian a neitute hmel an hmukhat lulai em a ni e.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
18
HMARCHA CHIN HLAWK DAN
-Khawtinthanga Ralte, A.E.O. (Rtd.)
Hmarcha hi chin hlawhltin a awl teh lul nen, Bazar a miin kan inghat hle niin a
lang. Chawhmeh pawimawh ber ni lo mah se la, mitinin eirel nana hman, a tel lova kan awm
theih loh pawl tak a ni. Sum hai luhna tha a nih avang hian Zopa rau rau ah pawh Hmarcha
Ching mi chu pa awmthei leh pa hausa an ni deuh zel. Hmarcha chi hrang tam tak hi hmun
thumah then ila:-
1. Capsicum - Hmarchapui bial lian thak lo.
2. Rawsawt Hmarcha - Hmarchapui a sei thak chi.
3. Vai Hmarcha - Hmarcha te thak vat chi.
Capsicum leh Rawsawt Hmarchate hi a chin dan a thuhmun deuh va, lo chhui hrang
deuh bik ila. Hetiang hmarcha hian chaw tha chi hrang hrang 21 lai a pai ve a. Chaw ei ti
tuitu tak chawhmeh tinreng rem a nih avangin hian a chin hlawk dante kan hriat chian a
pawimawh hle a. India ram hi khawvela Hmarcha thawn chhuak tam ber a lo ni reng a ni.
Capsicum hian Zoram hi a ngeih viau a, heng chi ah pawh hian 'IAHS'-P'2 an tih mai
phei hi chu a hlawk tak meuh meuh a ni. He Hmarchapui hian boruak nem lam Zoram ang
deuh hi a duhdan pawh a ni, amaherawhchu a enkawl dan hi a nek a nawk a tam deuh a,
damdawi a kah fo te an ngaih avang hian kan ramah hian sumdawnna anga han bei sawi tur
an la awm lo a ni mai awm e.
Rawsawt Hmarchapui hi a lar hle a, chin hlawhtlin nuam tak a ni a, kan ram boruak
hi a ngeih em em bawk a, ngaihven atana tha ber pawl a ni ang. Hemiah pawh hian chi tam
tak a awm a, NP46A leh Pusa Jwala te hi a lar pawl te an ni.
1) NP 46 A : Hei hi kung tawi deuh rah duh tak, kung khatah 1.500 kg lai a rah thei a ni.
2) Pusa Jwala : Hei hi ICAR in NP 46 A leh Puri Red an thlah pawlh tir atanga an
siamchhuah, rah tam leh rah tha duh tak an ni.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
19
Heng chi hnihte hian Hmarcha natna chi khat hnahkir natna hi an tuar thei a, he
hmarcha natna hi Zoram ah chuan Hmarcha chingtute tana hri huatthlala tak, hmarcha rah
ti chawl thin an ni a, hetiang natna tuar thei hmarcha hi an tha bik dawn a ni, chubakah a
rah tan hmain, a rah duh em em bawk a ni.
Boruak leh lei : Boruak lum lam deuh, temperature 18.30°C -26.7°C ah hian a tiak tha duh
a, a par lai huna 10°C - 16°C ah hian an par zawng zawng 99% hi a rahah a insiam a ni.
Mahsela hmun zau taka chin theih a ni a, sea level atanga 2000ml. thlenga sangah pawh a
chin theih a ni. Leitha, thil tawih tamna ah an tha duh a, Rawsawt hmarcha hian lei thur a
ngai thei lo hle a, PH 7.5 hi an duh tawk lai a ni a, Capsicum chuan P 6.5 hi a duh tawk thung
a ni, Ruahtui 25"-50" a duhtawk hle a, hei aia tamah chuan a rahte a tla duh thin.
A chin dan : Capsicum leh Rawsawt Hmarcha te hi kui tiah hmasak chi an ni a, Zoramah
chuan ruahtui tla ringa Ching tur kan nih dawn avangin April vel laia kui hi a tha tawk hle a,
Capsicum erawh chu favang lam deuh a chin a tha a ni.
Thlai chi kui reng reng hi theh darh mai lovin, a chi mal te te in 4cm x 4cm vela
inhlat in Seedbed ah dah ila, thlai tiak an chawm tha a, Phun sawn leh turin an hlawhtling
bik a ni. Kui atanga chawlkar li hnuah phunsawna hun tawh thin.
Phunsawnna hmunah chuan 60cm x 45cm vel a khatah Phun tur a ni a, chutiang a
tan chuan a chi 1kg/ha. a tawk vel a ni. A kuina seedbed kha Bavistin lgm, litre khat till
pawlha kah huh hnuah a remchan dan anga khuh tur a ni. 60cmx 45cm a Phun hian seed-
ling 36852 a Phun theih a ni.
Leitha/Leichi : Hlawk zawk a thar theih nan leitha leh leichi hi an hmang thin a ni. IAHS
farm-ah chuan Capsicum chinna atan hian Bawngek leitha 50 tonnes/ha. leh fertilizer Urea-
309kgs DAP-326 kgs leh MOP-20 kgs an hmang a ni. (Emaw a bi a mal te te tur ang chuan
Bawngek kg khat zet leh leichi chawhpawlh sa 20gms bi khat zel tura chawhpawlh tur a ni a.
Tin, top-dressing atan chuan bikhat zelah 4gms Urea la bang kha phul chhuah leh vek tur a
ni.
Tin, Rawsawt Hmarcha neih nuam tak, rah tha duh tak si hi lo sawi lang leh ila,
Urea- 115kgs, DAP 87kgs leh MOP 100kgs hect- are khatah hman a tha tawk hle a, a dang
ang bawkin thlai chin hmain Urea mamawh zat zahve leh DAP leh MOP zawng zawng hi
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
20
chawhpawlhin lei an lo leh hnan hmasa vek tur a ni. Hei hi kan ramin a zir loh chuan kan
phunna tur bi zelah leichi chawhpawlh sa hi bi khat zel turah 7cms ho lo chawh pawlh lawk
mai tur a ni, hetia tih hian a bi zau deuh va leichi te pek a tha a ni. Hemi hnuah hian thlaiin
tan a lak chhoh lai vel a par tan tirh lai hian Urea zatve kan dah khan a bi mal te te ah 1
1
2
gm
a phul chhuah leh vek tur a ni. Kan huan ram a that vak lohva, kan thlai te a tha vak lo a nih
chuan, tuna leichi kan hman bakah hian Hmarcha hian Nitrogen a lo mamawh hnem avangin
additional Urea kan hman belh thei a, thlai buk tinah 3 gms a top- dressing tih hi a hlawk hle
ang a ni.
ENKAWL/VEN HIM : Furadian 2gms or Thimet 1 gms hi thlai Phun dawn khan a khurah
telh a tha hle. Tin, nuvasron 1 ml or Bavistin 2 ml tui litres pawlh a ni 7-10 Fur laiin,
thlakhata vawi khat thlasik laiin leh leh kah thin tur a ni. Tin, Sulphur te, mone 2ml or
Karthane
1
2
ml litres khat tui pawlh a, ni 8-10 dana kah ngei a tha a. Hei bakah Dithane M45
or Dithane 378 damdawi 72-3gms tui litre khat pawlh a ni 7-10 dana kah thin tur a ni.
Insecticide leh Fungicide kan sawite kha combine a kah in hna a hautak 10 bik bawk a ni.
Hetiang ngata ven chuan an tha ngei ngei deuh zela, inbul ah leh pot ah te hetiang a tih hian
NP 46 A leh Pusa Jwala te hi an hlawhtling em em a ni.
THAR ZAT : Enkawl dan hi an zir nasa khawp a chuvangin a thar zat tur sawi pawh hi a har
viau a ni. Rawsawt Hmarcha an tih dan tlangpuiah chuan 150-180 Qtls/ha. a ni ber a, ngun
taka enkawl a hybrid Capsicum IAHS Farm-ah te chuan 500qtls/ha. an thar thei a ni. NP 46
A leh Pusa Jwala te hi kan chin thin a ni a, April vel a kui hi June thlaah chuan an lawh theih
tan a, fur tluan, favang leh thlasik chho thlengin a rah kan lo ngar ngar a ni ber mai. He
Hmarcha hi thil tih tam tlak nia ka hriat avangin Bazar zawrhna tur nei khua leh Aizawl
Bazara zuar pha tur khuate tan chuan tam tham si uluk takin Ching se la, hausak mai hi an
hmabak anih ka ring. Aizawl East District atang pawhin kan Directorate ah hmarcha hlawk
tak hi miten an duh tam ngei beiseiin a chi requirement pawh ziah tam deuh a ni.
Tin, tlem lam hla deuh a awm tan Vai Hmarcha hi a tih mi avangin lo chhui leh hlek i
la. A hmaa kan zir ho tawh anga leichi damdawite a theih ang anga hmangin bei tak tak la, a
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
21
hralhna hi a lungngaih thlak lova, a sum hrawm a na si a, Zopa tan sum siamna tha berte
zing a mi ani ve reng reng a ni.
Ka la hriat reng Chu, ka ramtan tan tirh lai hian Hmarcha hmun hi kan siam ziah
thin a, kum khatah Md 40,50, 60 te kan thar ziah thin. Ka han sawi chhuahna chhan chu
Zopaneih dan pangngai pawh hian neih tam harsa lutuk a ni lo tih hi a ni, a tul anga sum
hman tur min siamsaktu kha hmarcha kha a ni tih a Chiang reng a, ka la sawi mawi zel a ni.
Tunah te phei chuan kg khat man a to tawh hle a ni.
Tlang rama Vai Hmarcha chinte pawh hi a theh a theh mai a tha tawk lova,
saidawium te deuhah a chi thun ila, han thin zawnga mu 2/3 lek chhuak thei tawk turin a
chhin kha ti kua ila, feet 3 danah (90x90 cm) tuh zar zar mai ila, a tha ber a, a to a rual duh a
ram a awh kim bawk a, hnuhlak khawkheng a lo awm pawhin a theh a theh hoten 'Hmarcha
tiak niin a lang, an tih ang thin hi a awm ve lo. A chhan chu lei chhungril deuh zawk atanga
lo to chhuak a nih avangin khaw sa pawh a tuar thei bik a ni.
Tin, Favang lam, a kakpui hmin kan mal rual hian hmarcha buk kha a remchanna
lam apiangah a zung ti chat lo tawkin rap awn ila, a Chung lamah khan an rawn peng leh a,
nasa takin an rawn puitling leh hman vek a, a ti hlawk bik em em a ni. Tin, Vai hmarcha hi
hmarchpui te ang lo takin phunsawn mi a ni lo. Khawchen ni a uai miah lova kan Phun sawn
anih chauhin a hmantlak a ni. Tunah phei chuan Azotobacter kan nei tawh a, a chi ah khan
han nuai tel la, a va tha leh zual dawn em! Hmarcha te hi an sum hrawm a nat em avang hian
Buh leh Bal a kan intodelh lo anih pawhin engtia tih thu loh hmarcha na na na chu India
rama lang thamin kan thar thei ang tih ka ring. Vai hmarcha phei hi chu India ramah a
chinna nei tha ber kan ni awm a sin.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
22
TLANGRAM LOVA FERTILIZER HMAN DAN
— Zoramthanga, S.D.A.O.
Deptt. of Agriculture (CH),
Tlangram lo neih (Shifting Cultivation) hi hmakhawsang 7,000 BC daih tawh
khan Khawvel hmun hrang hrang tlangrama cheng te chuan an lo neih dan bulpui ber a ni a.
India ramah chuan India hmarchhak tlangdungah hian he tlangram lo neih dan hi an uar ber
leh ei leh bar kan hmuhna ber a ni. Chuvangin, tlangram loneih (Shifting Cultivation) hi keini
tlangmite tan chuan kan nunphung leh kan khawsakna a thil bet tlat a ni, mithiamte chuan,
'Shifting Cultivation is a way of life of tribal people and an integral part of the tribal
culture' tih hialin an lo vuah a, Mizoramah pawh hian tlangram lo neih hi a thatlohna tam
tak pawh hre mah ila, han bansan ngawt chu thil harsa tak niin tunah pawh kumtin
chhungkua 50,000 velin kan la chhunzawm reng a, a chhan ni bera lang chu kan ram leilung
awmdan nena thil inmil ber leh kawng awmchhun a ni miau si a.
Shivaram (Agricultural Planner) pawhin 'Shifting Cultivation is the most possible
human response to fraggile tropical hill ecosystem' a lo ti a. Chuvangin, he tlangram lo
neih Shifting Cultivation hi kan culture-a bet tlat leh kan ram awmdan nena thil inmil a nih
miau si chuan, engtin nge he tlangram lo neih dan atang hian fertilizer hmangin kan buh leh
balte kan thar hlawk theih ang tih i lo zir teh ang.
Kan hriat angin Mizoram chu tlangram leh ruahtui tamna a ni a, kan leilung hi a
thur a, lei thur chu thlaiin a ngeih si lo. Hemi avang hian fertilizer (Leichi) kan hman pawhin
hemi ngaihtuah Chung hian kan hman thiam atul hle. Kan thlaichin te hian mihring ang
bawkin an thanlen nan leh rah tha an chhuah theih nan Vitamin (Thlaichaw) chi hrang
hrang 16 an mamawh a, Chung zinga pawimawh leh an mamawh tam, a tel lova an nun
theih lohna te chu :-
(i) Nitrogen (N)
(ii) Phosphorus (P)
(iii) Potassium (K) te an ni.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
23
Chuvangin, thlai tha tak nei tur chuan fertilizer hman hi a lo ngai ta thin a.
Mizorama kan leichi hman lar deuh deuh te hi kan thlai leh leilungin a ngeih tawk a kan
hman thiam a tul hle. Chumi hre tur chuan kan leichi hman lar deuh deuhte nihphung leh an
hnathawh te i lo sawi hmasa teh ang.
1. UREA : Urea hian thlai chaw zinga pawimawh ber Nitrogen a pai a, Urea 100Kgs.-ah hian
Nitrogen 41Kgs. a awm a, Urea hi amah lawng lawng hi a thur avangin kan hman hian lei a
tithur zual thin. Chuvangin, hemi leithur zual ven nan hian Chinai emaw, leichi dang DAP,
MOP te nen emaw hmanpawlh a tha. Tin, urea hi kan hman hian a chakna hi thlaiin a hip
zawh hmain a thamral chak em em a, chuvangin kan pek tur zawng zawng kha vawikhata pe
zo vek lovin vawihnih aia tam thlai te pek thin tur a ni. Thlai a eichhiat theihlohna turin thlai
chi leh a zung te nen insi lova pek thin tur a ni. Thlai tana urea hnathawh ber te chu :-
(1) Thlai a ti thangduang.
(2) Thlai zung a tithe.
(3) Thlaichaw siamna Photosynthesis a tichak.
(4) Leia thlai chaw dang awm pawh kha thlai tan hip ati awlsam bawk.
2. SSP (Single Super Phosphate) : SSP hian thlai chaw pawimawh tak Phosphorus a pai a,
SSP 100Kgs. zelah hian Phosphorus 16 Kgs. a awm a. Urea angin lei a tithur lova, thlai tana a
hnathawhte chu :
(1) Thlaiin chaw asiamna a tanpui.
(2) Leia Nifrogen awni chu thlai tan hip a ti awlsam.
(3) "Thlai par, a rah leh a chi insiam a pui.
(4) Thlai zung a tinghet.
(5) A bikin buh-ah chuan a kung a tikhawng, a tlu tur a vengin a rah a ti hmin tha.
A tlangpuiin SSP kan pek tur zawng zawng chu thlai chin hmain emaw chin rualin
emaw vawikhatah pek vek nise a tha.
3. MOP (Mureate of Potash): MOP hi India-in a siamchhuak ve lova, ram dang atanga a
chawk luh a ni. MOP hian thlaichaw pawimawh tak Potassium a pai a, MOP za zela 60 hi
potassium a ni. MOP hian lei a tithur in a ti al chuang lo bawk. Thlai tana a hnathawh te chu:-
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
24
(1) Thlai chawsiamtu Enzyme kan tih ang chi hi Potassium tel lo chuan hna an thawk thei lo.
(2) MOP hian thlai rah leh bul nei chi a titha zual.
(3) Thlaiin tui amamawh hi aphuhru bawk.
(4) Rannung leh natna lakah thlai nasa takin a venghim bawk.
4. DAP (Di Ammonium Phosphate): DAP hi loneitute pawhin a hnathawh chak hi kan hre
viau awm e, a chhan chu DAP hian thlai chaw pui ber pahnih Nitrogen leh Phosphorus a pai
a, Urea leh SSP ai a awh a nih chu. Thlai tana a hnathawh chu kan sawi tawh angin Urea leh
SSP thawh ang a thawk kawp a. Tin, DAP kan hman a, kan hriat reng tur chu, urea hnathawh
ai DAP hian thawk mah sela, DAP a Nitrogen awm chu Urea a Nitrogen awm aiin a tlem daih
a. Chuvangin, Nitrogen thlaiin a mamawh chu DAP a Nitrogen awm hian a phuhru zo thin lo.
Hemi avang hian DAP kan hman hian SSP kan hman ngai tawh lo mahsela, Urea chu tlem a
zawng kan hman tho a la ngai thin. DAP 100Kgs. zelah hian Phosphorus 46 Kgs. a awm laiin,
Nitrogen chu 16 Kgs. lek a awm a ni.
Tlangram lo-ah chuan Fertilizer chu engzata tam leh engtikah nge kan hman ang.
Tlangram lovah hian fertilizer hman dan hi research fel fai taka tih ala awm tam loh
avangin conclusion fel taka siam a la har hle. Engzata tam leh engtikah nge kan hman ang tih
hi kan ram leilung, leilung leh thlai a zirin a danglama, thlai zawng zawng tan kan sawi seng
dawn lova. Tunah chuan kan thlai pawimawh ber, tlangram lova buh kan chin atan hian
hetiång zat hi Buh tin khat hmun (1 acre) atan pek tur a ni-
(i) DAP - 22 Kgs
(ii) Urea - 35 Kgs
(iii) MOP - 17 Kgs
Hetiang hian pek tur a ni :
(i) DAP leh MOP Urea thuma thena hmunkhat(1/3) chu chawh pawlh a, chumi chu
Thirfiante khat awm vel lam, a bul set ni lovah, buh tiah tirh emaw, hnuh lak zawhah emaw
pek tur a ni.
(ii) Urea la bang zawng chu hmun hnihah then lehin, a chanve chu buh a peng, taidarh lai
velah a hma a sawi ang khan pe lehin, a chanve dang chu a vuih tantirh velah pek leh tur ani.
Hei a, a vuih laia buhin boruak atanga chaw siam na ah a pui a, a hmin a titha bawk.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
25
(iii) Fertilizer (Leichi) kan pek dawn reng rengin khaw awmdan en deuhvin ruah a sur
dawn hnaia kan hriat chuan pekloh mai tur a ni. Ruahsur zawhah, atawk chauhva lei a
hnawm laia pek theih a tha. Tin, hnim leh hlo ten leichi chu an hip nasat ve thin avangin
fertilizer kan pek hian hnim leh hlo awm lo sela a tha.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
26
THLAI ENKAWLNA DAMDAWI HMAN DIK LOH PAWI ZIA
- R. Zoramthanga, A.E.O.
Director of Agriculture
INTRODUCTION : Lo neih lamah hma kan sawn zel a, thlai thar hlawk tur chuan a thlai ei
chhetu chi hrang hrang laka thlai enkawl/ven hi tih makmawh a ni a. Rannung chi hrang
hrang leh thlai natna te, hnim chi hrang hrang leh sazu te laka thlai veng him tur chuan thlai
enkawlna chi hrang hrang Damdawi (Pesticides) hman a ngai. Amaherawhchu, a hman dan
tur dik taka hman loh (Overdose) avang leh, a hman zat tur dik taka hman loh avangin thlai
eitu pui ber-mihring te tan thil pawi tak, hrisel lohna leh thihna hial pawh a thleng thei a.
Chuvangin, kan fimkhurna turin thlai enkawlna damdawi (Pesticides) hman dik loh pawi zia
tam tak zingah a pawimawh zual lo sawl ila:-
1. Thlai enkawlna damdawi (Pesticides) reng reng hi mihring tan ei chi a ni lova, chuvangin
a hmanna tur dik tak chauh - thlai tichhetu rannung chi hrang hrang leh natna hrik leh hnim
suat nan chauh va hman tur a ni. Hei vang hian a hman dan tur dik taka hman dan tur an tih
zat dik tak (dose) ang a hman a, tui pawlh zat tur dik tak hman hram hram tur a ni. Hetianga
a hman dan tur dik taka hman anih hian a hnathawh tur ang a thawh bakah thlai eitu ber
mihring tan pawh a hlauhawm loh a ni.
Tunlaiin loneitu tam tak ten mahni inchawh chawpin duh zat zat, tak tak tak
(overdose) an hmang a. Thlai kha him tha hle mahsela, mihring tana hlauhawm tham
thlaiah khan a bang nawi (residue) a cham bang thei a ni. Chuvangin mithiam te thurawn hi
zawm tur a ni.
2. Kah hun (waiting period) ah a hnah emaw arah emaw lawh chi a ni lo : Thlai enkawlna
damdawi (Pesticides)reng reng hi kah ni atanga chhiar a ni 7 chhung tal nghah rih tur a ni.
Hemi awmzia chu kah atang a ni 7 chhung khan kan kahna thlai rah emaw, hnah emaw a par
emaw lawh hauh tur a ni lo.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
27
Man man zawka hralh duh vang te in loneitu thenkhatten thlai enkawlna damdawi
an hman hnu lawkah te an zuar mai thin hi a pawi hle a ni.
A chunga kan sawi hi kan zawm loh chuan, thlai thar lam tha tak tak te ei mah ila,
thlai venna damdawi bangnawi (residue) kan lo ei tel teuh dawn tihna a lo ni. United States
Environmental Protection Agency-in thlai enkawlna damdawi (Pes- ticides) chi hrang hrang
kan ei tur a tam lam tur an bithliah vek a. A tlangpuiin, thlai venna damdawi tam ber atan
2/pm (parts per million) hi a bithliah a. Hei hi zawm thlap a harsa a nih pawhin, a hman zat
tur dik tak leh enkawlna damdawi i hman hun a, a rah emaw a hnah emaw seng hun ni 7
chhung kan zawm thlap chuan ei atan kha thlai kha a him tawk tihna a ni.
Thlai enkawlna damdawi (Pesticides) chi hrang hrang hman dik loh avanga mihring
a natna awm thei te tlem lo sawi ila.
(1) Organic-Chlorine Compound:eg:- D.D.T, B.H.C, Aldrin, Endosulphon etc. Heng
damdawi te hi thau (Fats) lam chi a tuiral thei a ni a, hman tur zat aia tam hman chuan
(overdose) thlaiah hun rei tak chhung a hlauhawmna/a tür chakna hloh lovin a awm thei a,
chuvangin hetiang ho hmanna thlai kan ei chuan Cancer a awmtir thei a ni. Tunah chuan
heng kan sawi tak zing a mi Endosulphan tih loh hi chu Sorkar-in thlai ven nan hman a khap
hmiah tawh a ni.
(2) Organo-Phosphorus Compound : eg :- Phosphamidon, Monoctrotophos, Dichlorvos,
Chlorpyriphos etc. Heng ho hi tunlaia thlai enkawl/ven nana kan hman tam ber te an ni. A
hma a kan sawi tawh anga a hman tur zat aia tam (overdose) hman a nih chuan thlaia a
bangnawi chambang (residue) hi mihring tan a hlauhawm ve tho mai. Mihring hriatna
thazam (Nervous System) a khawih buai a, hnungzang nate a awmtir thei bawk.
(3) CARBAMATE : eg:- Sevin, Carbofuran etc. Heng ho pawh hi hman dik loh chuan a chung
a mi ang bawk khian (Organo-Phosphorus Compound) a hlauhawm a ni. Pumna leh
kawthalo te a awm tir thei a ni.
(4) Synthetic Pyrethroids : eg- Cypermethrin, Delta-methrin, Fenvalarate etc. Hengho hi
thlai enkawlna damdawi zingah rau rau chuan mihring tana hlauhawm lo ber a ngaih a ni.
Mahsela a hman tur aia tam (overdose) hman chuan a hma a mi kan sawi tak ang tho khian
hriselna atan a hlauhawm tho a ni.
(5) Sazu tur (Rodenticides) : Sazu tur hi hrang hrang tam tak a awm a, tunlai a an hman
lar ber chu Zinc-Phosphide leh Bromadiolon (Roban cake) te hi an ni. Tur a hrai sazu reng
reng ei chi an ni lova, ei tur pawh a ni lo a ni. Zinc-Phosphide hi ei palh vaih chuan pumpuia
thur awm (Hydrochloric Acid) nen a inchawhpawlh ve leh tur (poison) hlauhawm tak mai
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
28
Phosphine gas a siam chhuak nghal a, chu chuan thin leh lung, Kal hnathawh te a tibuai vat
a, thihpui nghal vat theih a ni.
Tin, Bromadialon (Roban Cake) hi ei palh vaih chuan thisen a vitamin K System
(Prothrombin) thisen tikhangtu ber hi a tichhia a, kawchhungah thisen a chhuak (Internal
Bleeding) ta vak thin a, thihna a thlen mai thin.
Thlai enkawlna damdawi (Pesticides) hi thlai venhim nan chauhva hman tur a nih
laiin, mi thenkhat ten, sava, sangha leh chakai te, ramsa te hrai nan an hmang thin ni a sawi
a ni a, hei hi a pawi hle a sim vat chi a ni ang. Heng thlai enkawlna damdawi (Pesticides) a
hrai, sava, sangha te, chakai te leh ramsa te hi ei chi a ni lova, ei chuan tur bangnawi
(residue) kha anmahniah a la awm avangin mihring tan ei a him lo a ni. Mizote hian chawp
leh chilha chhiatna emaw thihna emaw a thlen nghal mal loh avang hiap "Kan tan a thalo"
tih kan sawi mawlh mawlh pawh hi kan basa ngam hle zel a, Amaherawhchu a hnu zelah a
thatlohna te chu a io lang chhuak tho tho thin a. Chuvangin, ram hmangaihtu dik tak chuan
tur a sava, sangha, chakai lehramsa hrai te hi kan Ching tur a ni lova, sumdawn nan leh sum
tuak nan pawh kan hmang tur a ni lo.
Heng kan thusawi te hi kan zawm thlap chuan a chhawrtu te chu keimahni ngei kan
ni dawn a ni. A nachang hriain, Agriculture Department a mithiam te, thlai enkawlna
damdawi hman dan tur rawn thin turin Loneitute ka sawm che u a ni.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
29
EDUCATION -Boon or Doom? ( Eraser or Detainer?)
– H Joela, SO -Cum-SA
Televisions, Computers and other electronic gadgets are common items seen in our
home and abroad. Comparing the living standards of 1960 with present standards, all of us
will agree that "We are living in Computer age". Typing and Duplicator sounds were
nowhere to be heard. They are replaced by Computers and latest inventing electronic appli-
ances. Those awkward machines (Type writer, Duplicator etc.) now become a museum
piece. We need not to define the meaning of Fax, STD, E-Mail, Floppy etc., they are new tools
in our everyday life. No-one denies that we enjoy earthly blessings and harvest the fruits in
our day to day Livelihood.
Meanwhile, under the influence of such advanced environments, we may reap the
fruits of blessings, in our daily activities, still we adopt and maintain the worst method of
farming system in the world known as Jhuming or Shifting cultivation. From the time
immemorial, our fore fathers feed their children using solely this method. However due to
scarcity of population, it serves well cope with all their demands. As per 1981 Census total
population was 4.8 Lakh only and Prior to this only a few thousands. As late as 1960's Jhum
cycle ranges from 10-15yrs. interval. As we all know, Burning of debris Kills pests and Soil
borne pests and diseases. They never face serious pest incidence and wood ash supplement
plant nutrient known as Potash. They enjoy selfsufficient independent life without any
outside intervention. Shifting Cultivation still persist till today and prevail in all corners.
Strangely enough, yet it retains the position of "First choice" menu especially in remote
rural areas.
Unfortunately one calamity known as Mautam Tam (Bamboo Flowering Famine)
occur in 1957 and cover the whole state. This catastrophe brought the state to the brink of
Below Poverty Line (BPL) and starvation covers the whole population. Lingering such
environment triggered Public awareness con- siderably for better community
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
30
developments in all spheres of life. But recovery was very slow and before attaining
complete healing stage from BPL, ricochet from Public Awareness and hunger finally
brought the people to hostile against Indian Government and ultimately insurgency broke
out in March, 1966. This man made Catastrophe pulls the whole population deeper and
deeper into the hole of starvation and finally put under U. T. in 1972 under the shadow of
such man-made and natural disastrous environments, shifting cultivation alone cannot
provide the Ever increasing population. In order to resolve this problem, State and Central
Government applied various strategies they tough the people to adopt permanent land
farming systems and improved farming to divert from jhuming practices, but Public
response was very poor. Trauma of BPL and inflicted insurgency reduced crop harvest
considerably. These disenchanting situation compels the State to depend on neighboring
States. Food & Civil Supplies purchased Rice (Our staple food) from other states every year
till today for more than nonstop running 40yrs.
Why do we remain in such unfavorable situation for so long? Is God turn away from
us? Do we deserve to suffer such disenchant- ing livelihood? Present Juvenile are more
lazier than the past? There must be a reason for this matter. If we ask among ourselves,
some people will blame insurgency, others will tick to our economic status, scarcity of flat
land, increasing population, reduction of fertility inadequate cultivable farm land etc. Some
others will say, "Government is not doing enough". Ultimately someone will definitely blame
our politicians. However, the above assumptions may contribute in some way or the other.
There is one River responsible for these undesireable matter, the above assumptions are
only its tributaries. The name of the River is "Education". You may feel hard to accept this
remark, but lis- ten carefully and patiently my justifications you too will surely surrender to
my hypoth- esis. How?
Into the inferno : At the wake of 20th Century Europeans came in 1894 and settled per-
manently to rule us. They brought Gospel and Education. Public response to these two
(Gospel and Education) are far more better than their anticipation. The Torches of Gospel &
Education soon burned the entire state within 3 decades under the light of these torches -
Nomadic life (Shifting from place to place at regular intervals) was replaced by permanently
settled villages, head hunter become Educated and gentlemen, old traditional rituals
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
31
tabooed. Heathen people become convert Kristian. School were opened at various places.
Learning enthusiast parents appear from all corners. They sacrifice all their strength for the
future of their children. For those parents, Education is the source of all earthly blessings.
Learning is the First step to enter the land of Eldorado. As time goes on, the shadow of
learning and Gospel extended wider and wider and public awareness for better
developments increase steadily. Intellectual parents encourage theirchildren in learning to
attain higher degrees from inside and abroad & Developments moves forward in all works
of life. Mean- while, although improvements in Social life and developments may occur in all
spheres of live, no one came out to improve or change our farming methods or systems.
Only two methods of farming were known on those days, namely - Wet Rice cultivation and
shifting cultivation. WRC was available at random places, and it has no beauty to attract
public interests. Nobody suggest for their Improvements or change As mentioned earlier
due to scarcity of population, shifting cul- tivation alone provides all their demands.
During all those running years, more and more hard-working determined parents
came out from various places. They compete each other in the field of Education urging
their children to obtain higher degree and omit them in cultivation activities. Some
intellectuals contribute their values for the improvements of Learning & Social life.
Meanwhile, juvenile and young generations enter in the field of Education and compete
each other and enjoy life while parents worked with heart and soul. They never witness
hardworks and the position of Agriculture in developments gradually diminish in their
mind and fade away com- pletely. However it is clear that both par- ents and children have
common idea thatLearning was the foundation of all earthly blessings and fortune.
But, Competition among parents and children brought undesirable consequences.
No one can predict their Competitions will turn into an imaginary straight-line drawn
between Parents and young generations, this imaginary line is known as Education. It di-
vides the Community into two compartments. 1st Compartment contains young generations
who do not realize their parents sacrifice for them. They are commonly known as Fortune
seekers. These fortune seekers enjoy the world with their, parents earning and claimed ghat
All progress and prosperity comes from Education also claimed that all farming activities
were under the responsibility of parents and elders. When these two compartments collide
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
32
each other, the out- come was unpredictable. Education formerly known as magic potion
and nicknamed as Boon (Source of all blessings) was ultimately nicknames as the
"Messenger of Doom".
Under this Dooms day sunshine time was ticking steadily and the Sun rises and set,
seasons changes with time. Relentless and determined parents left the world one by one,
day by day, The land is now occupied by new and young generations who are shameless,
lousy, bastard and idiot people including you.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
33
HRANGHLUITE HUANG
Pu Khawtinthanga Ralte, AEO(Rtd.) Dinthar, Aizawl
CHANCHIN TLANGPUI
Dt. 21.1.1963 ah G/S hna hi Lungleiah Hnahthial Pre-Extension Block-a thawk turin
a zawm a. (Hei hi Hnahthial hmnnah engmah a la awm loh avangin Lunglei BDO Office hi a
tawmpui ve rih a ni.) November 1979-ah Sr. G/S ah a kai chho ve a. Tin, November 1983-ah
AEO-ah a kai chho ve leh a, tichuan 1/12/97 ah hian Supper Annuation pension-in a chhuak
fel ta a ni.
Thingtlang khua Muallianpuiaa awm lai hian Lunglei SDO (Civil) Sangau Air
dropping Centre a Zonal Relief Officer (ZRO) hna thawk turin appoinment a pe a. April 1964
to October 1964 chhung Sangau hmunah he Buhfai thlak enkawlna hna thawk hian a awm a.
Tam chaw nghei awmlo turin theihtawp chhuahin an V/C te leh MDC te nen an tang a. He
hun khirh ang reng tak hi him takin an khawchhuak thei a, khaw neitute pawh an lawm a, a
tin san dawn hian Sangau T.K.P te chuan thlahna hun an nei a, an hnam Pawi puan mawi tak
an present nghe nghe a ni.
Thingtlanga a awmna Muallianpui, Khawruhlian leh Ruallung ah te hian thlasik thlai
Zikhlum etc. hma tak July thla chawhnu lama kul a chingin, tul pe buai lovin fur tawp lam
ruahtui ring leh thlasik boruak chhim pha si a, hlawhtling taka chin theih a nih zia te a taka
entirna a nei thei a, a hlim hle thin a ni.
Rawpui, chhim area a a awm laiin ram a lo buai phut mai a, nausen buchip an nei
bawk nen khawl dang mah pan thei lovin, a lo thleng apiang tuar mai turin he khuaah hian
an awm ta ringawt mai a ni. Mi lo hal tawh kal bosan a lei a, lo a siam ta a. Vai tawng leh
saptawng a thiam ve chhun chhun pawh sawi ri ngam lovin, kuaite pet a empai lian tawk
phurin thlawhhma kawng a zawh ve ta a. Sipai Kuli-ah vawi thum a thawk ve hman.
Tumkhat chu hlauhthawn ang ngei ngeiin an awmna bul Sipai Commander Vir Singh,
Punjabi dik tak mai khan a ko ta tlat mai a. Engtinnge a ni hian amah hi a awm ve tih a hriat
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
34
leh eng atan nge, tu’n nge amah hek ni ang tiin a inngaihtuah buai hle. Han tlanbo dawn se, a
fapa buchip te mai chu a tlanbosan thiang si lo. A nih nih ni turin ava kal ta a. Thildang vak
ni lovin he Post Commander hi Agriculture Department-a lo thawk ve tawh a lo ni a,
chuvang chuan a lo ko a lo ni tih a han hre mai chuh! a lawm hle ani awm e. Hetia an han
inhriat pawh tak hnu hi chuan khawtlang aiawhin V/C Secretary Sipai bang nen chuan sipai
hmachhawntu berah an hmang ve ta a, Kuli pawh a awl phah ta a ni. Khawchhung tlangval
an man te pawh Batallion Hqrs. Serchhip-ah te an va sawi chhuak ve thin a ni.
Tin, 1988 khan Land Development hna thawkin Lungpho-ah an tir chho a, Cheng
nuai li vel hmang ralin Leilet 35 hectares lai an han siam a. He an siam kum atang hian
hlawhtling takin Buh tin 7300-7500 vel te kumtin (tun thleng hian) an thar chho ta zel a ni.
A tir kum 2/3 vel te phei kha chuan Aizawl an rawn zin pah hian an leilet Buh thar faite an
rawn hawn ve thin nghe nghe a, an lawm tlang viau mai. kum 2003 pawh khan a han khual
pang zin satliah ve mai mai a, an buh thar dan te hlim takin an lo hrilh hlawm a ni. Hetianga
kumtina buh tam ve tawk tak thar phah nana an hmang hi a lawm em em a ni.
Tin, Mizoram hi tlangram mah ni se, a chhunga Cheng ten kan zir phawt chuan
intodelhna hi awmin a hria a, Chung atana tangkai tura a rin angin Chanchinbu (Magazine) a
thu ziah te a uar ve hle thin a. Chutiang bawkin Radio-ah te pawh a remchan dan angin thu a
sawi ve bawk thin. Chunga a thu sawi tlangpuite chu :-
AIR-a a thu sawi Sawi ni
l. Bawkbawn chin dan. 17.08.93
2. Fertilizer chi hrang hrang
leh a hnathawh. 03.05.93
3. Fur ruahtui tlak laia hmarcha
hrik tihbo dan leh chawm zui dan. 21.06.94
4. Thlai hmun tuaihnum loh a
Tomato chin dan 01.11.94
5. Thlai tana MOP tangkaina 29.12.94
6. Buh phunsawn hlim chawm zui dan 11.07.94
7. Tualto thil hmanga leitha siam dan 28.09.95
8. Tung chingtute tana hriat turte 21.12.95
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
35
9. Chuktuah huana chawhmeh 21.05.96
thlai chin dan
10. Fu huan siamtute hriat turte 21.12.95
11. Taksa tana tha chawhmeh thlai chin 17.09.96
12. Fur thlai chin enkawl zui dan 17.04.97
13. Leitha hman zinga him lo leh
him kan hman turte 17.07.97
Zoram Loneitu Magazine-a a thu ziak te:
1. Large Cardamom chin dan tlangpui Dec. - Jan. 1982
2. Zikhlum chi tha (Hybriå Cabbage)
chin dan July - Aug. 1988
3. Rs. 200000.00 hi (Alu chin dan) July Aug. 1991
4. Thingfanghma hniam chi Nov. - Dec. 1992
5. Huanthlai (HybridVegitable) Jan. - Feb. 1993
6. Huan neitute hnena lehkhathawn May - June, 1993
7. Hna tangkai, Kristian Tlangau July 1993
8. Tunge ka nih? July. –Aug. 1993
9. Zoram damna (Ka hla Siam) Sept.-Oct. 1993
10. Magistrate fel tak Jan. Feb. 1994
11. Nul ve thung (Nul siam leh a tangkaina) July sept. 1994
12. Rawsawt Hmarcha, Oct. -Dec. 1994
13. Mi taima tak ni turin, Jan. - March, 1995
14. Zo varung leh hruipui zik, April-June, 1995
15. Nitin chaw, Jan. -Feb. 1996
16. Agriculture Extension (Seminar) 28.2.1996
17. Mumang danglam tak Chu, Zoram Loneitu Oct. - Dec. 1996
18. I ngaihtuah ngai em?
(FYM & Composit Pit siamdan) Oct. - Dec. 1997
19. Mellung thar (Mixed cropping) Jan. - March 1997
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
36
20. Sawhthing enchhinna, Jan. - March 1997
21. Seminar-ah paper chi hrang hrang
Cultivation of Tomato, French bean,
Cabbage, Potat & Chilli, Feb. 1993
22. Balhla chin dan leh enkawl dan
Paper present at Tlungvel July 1993
23. A leh za (Buh chin dan)
24. Indo American Hybrid Seed
25. Research Finding (Sawhthing Research Result)
26. Sawhthing Research zulzuia sawhthing
chin dan chhui zauna
27. Neem thing chungchang
28. Serthlum hlawktaka chin dan.
(Heng Paper te hi a mamawhtute tam tak a sem bawk a ni.)
Radio a thusawite, Zoram Loneitu Magazine-a a thu chhuahte leh Seminar a a
thusawite bakah SI.NO. 23-28 thleng hian cyclostyle a chhu in a bu in a siam a. Lehkhabu taka
han chantir pawh a chakawm hle nachungin sum lam harsatna avangin a kawl tha mai mai
rih a ni.
Tunah pawh hian kan ram siam thatna a nih beiseiin ram roreltute pawh sawisel tul
nia a hriatah chuan timna nei hauh lovin sawiselnate a ziak nasa hle a ni. Hei hian anmahni
mimal huatna lam a kawk lova, kan ram tana thil tha a duhna avang leh, chutiang taka a
sawiselte ngaihpawimawh a lo nih chuan kan ramah hian a chhunga chengte tan chuan kan
eikhawp hi a awm ani tih kan chian a, a taka kan haichhuah duhna vang a ni mai tih hi a
thupui a ni.
Tunah hlan Dinthar Veng, kawngpui Chung Tlang vengah a nupui fanau, a tu leh fa
duh takte nen Pathian khawngaihna a venin an khawsa ve a, an hlim em em a ni. Amah
a(ang leh Amah avang leh Amah atan thil zawng zawng a lo awm a ni si a. Ama hnenah
chatuanin ropuina chu awm rawh se. Amen, tih hi a thupui a ni bawk.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
37
KEIMAHNI
‘A’. PROMOTION
Heng SDAO/APPO te hi D.A.O. ah an kaisang a, kan lawmpui em em a ni.
1. Pi Zothansangi Sailo, SDAO - D.A.O. Serchhip
2. Pu James Lalsiamliana, APPO - D.A.O. Champhai
3. Pu James Vanlalluaia, SDAO - D.A.O. Lawngtlai
‘B’ TRANSFER & POSTING :
Sl No
Name Of Officers & Designation
Present Place of Posting
New Place of Posting
1
C.Lalnithanga, Insecticide Analyst
Neihbawi Farm
Plant Protection Section,
Dte of Agri.
2
K.Chhungrema, AAI
Teikhang Sub-Circle
Dte. Of Agri (C&H)
3
Zailawmthanga, GIS
N.Vanlaiphai Circle under
DAO Serchhip
DAO’s Office, Aizawl
4
T.Vanlalruata, G/S
DAO’s Office, Aizawl
Thingsul Circle
5
Lalremliana, G/S
DAO’s Office, Kolasib
Kawlkulh Circle
6
Lalbiaksanga, G/S
DAO’s Office, Serchhip
E.Lungdar Circle
7
R.Lalnunzira, G/S
DAO’s Office, Champhai
Serkhan Sub-Circle
8
Lalramchhana, G/S
Serkhan Sub-Circle
Hnahlan Circle
9
Rokhuma, AID
Bairabi Circle
Bukpui Circle
10
B.lalrinsanga, G/S
Bukpui Circle
Bairabi Circle
11
F.Remthanga, G/S (Offg.)
DAO’s Office, Kolasib
Thingdawl Farm
12
C.Lalthlengliana, G/S
SDAO’s Office, Hnahthial
Thenzawl Sub-Circle
13
Lalrintluanga, G/S
DAO’s Office, Champhai
Chhuarlung Circle
14
Ringkoo Lalhmingthanga, G/S
Khawzawl Sub-Division
Dte. Of. Agri
15
Lalliankimi, LDC
SDAO’s Office, Bilkhawthlir
SDAO’s Office, Zawlnuam
16
Lalsangliana, ATO
DAO’s Office, Aizawl
Dte. Of . Agri
17
Ralkapthuama, ADO
DAO’s Office, Aizawl
Dte. Of . Agri
18
Lalbiakthanga, ADO
DAO’s Office, Aizawl
Dte. Of . Agri
19
Lalrokunga, ATO
DAO’s Office, Aizawl
Dte. Of . Agri
20
Lalngaihawma, ADO
DAO’s Office, Aizawl
Dte. Of . Agri
21
Khamlawmthanga, ADO
DAO’s Office, Aizawl
Dte. Of . Agri
22
Lalparliana, ADO
DAO’s Office, Aizawl
Dte. Of . Agri
23
Lianzama, BDO
DAO’s Office, Aizawl
Dte. Of . Agri
24
G.B Chhetry, Peon
P.A. Cell Dir.of. Agri
P.A. Cell Principal Secy.
25
Deben Rot, Mali (M/R)
P.A. Cell Principal Secy.
P.A. Cell Dir.of. Agri
26
F.Lalramliana, Peon
Dte. Of Agri
Minor Irrigation Dept.
27
Ngurkima, Peon
Dte. Of Agri
Minor Irrigation Dept.
28
C.Lalparlawmi, LDC
Dte. Of Agri
Minor Irrigation Dept.
29
Lalhlimpuii, LDC
Dte. Of Agri
Minor Irrigation Dept.
30
Lalramengi, UDC
Dte. Of Agri
Minor Irrigation Dept.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
38
'C' PAWIMAWH DANG :
1. Agriculture Department in North East Zonal Conference on Agriculture inputs for
Rabi, 2007-2008 a thleng :
Mizoram Agriculture Department chuan ni 14, September, 2007 khan Tourist
Lodge, Chaltlang ah nikhat awh, "Zonal Conference on Agricultural Inputs for Rabi, 2007-
2008 for North Eastern Region" a thleng a, Government of India, Ministry of Agriculture
atangin Dr. W.R Reddy, Joint Secretary (Plant Protection), Shri Satish Chander, Joint
Secretary (INM) ten an hmanpui a, Pu H.Rammawi, Minister Agriculture Department leh Pi
L. Tochhawng, Principal Secretary, Agriculture Deptt. ten an hmanpui bawk.
He Conference-ah hian, Ministry of Agriculture atang te, Government of India
Undertakings/Corporate Firms leh Company hrang hrang te leh North Eastern States pariat
atangin palai an kal khawrn tha hle a ni. He Conference hawnna inkhawmah hian Pi
L.Tochhawng, IAS, Principal Secretary in palaite lawmna thu sawiin, hetiang Zonal
Conference thleng tura Government of India in Mizoram a ruat hi lawmawm a tih thu leh
Agriculture hi mipui za a 70 te innghahna anih avanga hlamchhiah chi anih loh zia te sawiin,
Agriculture tih hmasawnna atana, North Eastern States ten an hmalak zelna tur ah theih
tawp chhuah pui turin Ministry atanga lo kalte a chah nghal a ni.
Pu H. Rammawi, Agriculture Minister in Conference hawnna thu sawiin, Agriculture
Department hmalak dan kawng hrang hrang leh hmachhawp te, palai kalkhawm te hnenah
a sawi a, he Conference hi hlawhtling taka hman a nih theih nan leh North Eastern States te
tana hamthatna leh hmasawnna a nih ngei a beisei thu a sawi bawk.
He Conference ah hian Agriculture hmasawnna tur atana thil pawimawh, thlaichi
tha a hun taka loneituten an neih theihna tur te, leitha hrang hrang loneituten an mamawh
anga hman tur a awmtheihna dan tur te, khawl hrang hrang loneituten subsidy a an neih
theihna tur atan te a State tin in harsatna an tawh mek te, chung harsatna sut kian dan tur
chu sawiho a ni.
Government of India, Ministry of Agriculture huaihawtin North Eastern States te
hian Agriculture inputs heng leitha thlai chi tha, khawl leh hmalakna hrang hrang te leh
hmachhawpte thlirho leh sawihona hun Agriculture Inputs Conference hi Agriculture
seasons Kharif (Fur) leh Ram (Thlasik) tan hma hian neih thin a ni a. Kumin 2007-2008 ah
pawh Inputs Conference for Kharif Season hi February thla khan Agartala ah nghah a ni a.
Chumi Conference thuchhuak bawhzuina leh final-na chu National Conference New Delhi-ah
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
39
India ram State zawng zawngte nen a huhoa neih leh thin a ni. Chutiangin he Zonal
Conference zawh hian New Delhi-ah dt.18-19, September hian National Conference neih leh
nghal tur ani. Hetiang Zonal Conference hi Mizoramin a thlen vawi 2-na a ni.
2. Aizawl District Organic Group ten Thingdawl Farm an tlawh :
Ni 1 1 thAugust, 2001 (Zirtawpni) khan Agriculture Department ruahmanna in
Aizawl District huam chhunga Organic Fermers Group hrang hrang aiawh mi 20 te chuan
Thingdawl Model Organic Farm an tlawh a, MJA atangin Chanchinbumi- 2, Pu Robert
Lalchhuana leh Pu Lalnuntluanga Tlomte te'n an tawiawm a ni. Loneitute hian Thingdawl
Farm a Changpat khawipunna (Vermiculture Hatcheries) enin changpat inthlah pung mek te
leh a leitha siam khawlte an en a. Changpat leitha (Vermicompost) te anseng chhin a ni. Hei
bakah hian Azolla Multiplication Unit (Tui chim lai buh hmun atana thlai chaw siamna),
Seed Processing Mille (Thlaichi såwngbawlna khawl) leh Chemical tel lova thlai chi hrang
hrang chin mekte an en bawk a, Tamil Nadu Agriculture University ten fu chindan thar an
duanchhuah anga fu chinna hmun te, Mizoram Horticulture Dept. in Agrovet Company ten
Kang Damdawi leh Patchouli an chin pawlhna te an en bawk a ni. Loneitute hian Changpat
hmanga leitha siam chu loneitute leitha a an intodelh nana thil tul tak niin an ngai a, Organic
Farmers tin ten mahni hmun theuha neih theih ni se an duh thu leh hemi atan hian
bawngvulh tur sorkarin ruahman thei se an duh thu an sawi a ni.
He Programme hi Agriculture Officer Pu RK. Nithanga leh Pi H. Zodinpuii ten
kaihruaiin a hmunah Farm Manager Pu Samuel Lalliansanga'n lo dawngsawngin a lo
kawhhmuh a ni.
3. Exposure visit for Extension Functionaries (ATMA) :
Ni 2
th
-12
th
July, 2007 khan Exposure visit for extension functionaries, Agriculture
Technology Management Agency (ATMA) bultumin, Extension Worker 10 (sawm) te chu
Meghalaya, Borapani a ICAR hmun leh Organic Farming hmunpui te, Assam a Jorhat hmuna
Agriculture Technology thar te, Nagaland, Kohima a Tlangram WRC neih dan te zirin an zin
a. An hlawkpui hle in kan hria a, he Exposure Visit for Extension Functionaries (ATMA) hi Pi
Lalnunpuii Parte, Agri. Extension Officer in a ho a ni.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
40
4. Agriculture hmasawnn atana tan lak dan thar :
(1) Tunhma zawnga kan lo practice CSS hnuaia NWDPRA, WDPSCA etc. te Directorate
atanga kan control thin chu tih danglam a ni a. Loneitu (farmer) te hlawkpui leh tangkaipui
lehzual zawk theihna turin District tinah thuneihna sang zawk pe in, loneitu (farmer) te
nena inpawh (transparent) lehzual theih nan he CSS hnuai a NWDPRA/WDPSCA te hi kalpui
tan a ni ta a. Pawisa dinhmun leh hnathawh dan tur te hre tlang vekin Agriculture
Department a thawktute leh loneitu ten ruahmanna tha tak siamin kalpui chhoh zel tur a ni
tawh dawn a ni.
(2) Agriculture Department in dik zawk leh tha zawka loneitute leh Zoram tana hna a thawh
theihna turin Committee pahnih din (constitute) a ni a, chungte chu :
COMMITTEE ON INPUTS :
Chairman : Director of Agriculture (Crop Husbandry)
Member-Secy. : Jt.Director,(LUB)M
Member Asst. Secy. : Agronomist
Members:
1) Deputy Director (Admn.)
2) Deputy Director (SS)
3) Deputy Director (Extn.)
4) Agronomist
5) F.AO
6) Research Officer
(3) Project Implementation Cell (PIC):
Chairman : Director of Agriculture (Crop Husbandry)
Member-secy. : Jt. Director (LUB)
Member Asst. Secy. : Dy. Director(P)
Members :
1) Deputy Director (Admn) 2) Deputy Diregtor (SS)
3) Deputy Director (Extn.) 4) Agronomist
5) FAO 6) Research Officer
Recording Secy. : VL.T Muana ASSO
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
41
5. Vermi-Culture Hatcheries/Vermi- Compost :
Vermi-culture Hatcheries tih hi Changpat chi tih keu a, leitha tihpun tihna a ni a,
Vermi-compost tih chu Changpat ek leitha hman tura siam tihna a ni. A bul tan nan
Thingdawl Agnculture Farm-ah Vermiculture Hatcheries-ah hma la tanin Vermi-compost
34qtls. July, 2007 chhung hian thar (harvest) a ni a, 50 Kgs. theuh bag a packed in a hmang
tangkai tur leh mipawimawhte hnenah a tih lar nan pek/sem tum mek a ni. Hei hi loneitute
tih phurna atana:tih phawt a ni a, tunah hian Thingdawl Farm bakah hengah te hian Vermi-
culture Hatcheries/ Vermi-compost tih mek a ni a, chungte chu : Champhai, Bualpui 'NG’
Neihbawi, Sairang, Sihpuizau, Durtlang, Sakeilui Project, Thingsul Tlangnuam, Zawlnuam,
Mamit, Serchhip Chemphai, Sihtlangpui (Lawngtlai), Saiha, Rotlang (Lunglei), Bualte
(Lunglei).
6. Sapthei chingtute tana thu lawmawm:
Dt. 17th September, 2007 khan MIFCO leh Greencover Overseas, Guwahati te
chuan Saptheitui, Saptheitui fir leh Sapthei atanga thil dang siamchhuahte India ram chhung
leh pawna hralh chhuahna turin thawhhona thuthlung (MOU) chu a ziak a. Sapthei atanga
MIFCO in an siamchhuah te chu nakum (2008) March thla atangin Greencover Overseas-te
hian an hralh chhuahsak tan tawh a. Processing Plant, Sairang atangin Greencover
Overseas-te hian bottle khat Rs.29.75 zélin MIFCO hnen atangin an leisak anga, ram pawnah
an hralh sak char char tawh dawn a ni.
He thawhhona thuthlung hi Mizoram Sawrkarin intodelhna tur a ruahmante zingä
pawimawh tak niin, Sapthei chingtute tan chuan thu lawmawm tak a ni.
Mizoram Sawrkar aiawhin Pu Lalzarliana Renthlei, ManagingDirector, MIFCO leh
Pu C. Lalzarliana, Programme Director, MIP-ten an sign a, Greencover Overseas aiawhin Pu
M. Krishna Saikia, CEO leh Pu S.Hussain Saikia, CEO Manager (Agri. Business) ten an sign a
ni.
He M.O.U sign Pu H.Rammawi, Agriculture Minsiter in a ho a ni.
Agri Mag ZORAM LONEITU July-Sept; 2007
42
KUTHNATHAWKTUTE TANA THU LAWMAWM
Chak zawka Irrigation hmalakna kalpui a nih theihna turin kan Sorkar chak tak
hmalakna a zarah May ni 30, 2007 khan Agriculture Department hnuaia Minor Irrigation
Wing chu Department puitlingah hlan kai a ni ta.
Hetia Department puitlinga hlankai a lo nih takah chuan ei leh barå kan lo intodelh
theih nan leilet chauh ni lovin tlangram leilet terrace leh thlai kumhlun chinna lam hawia
hma lak tel ve a ni ta a ni.
Minor Irrigation hian :
• Buh leh thlai chawmna tur tuilak
• Thlaiin than len nan a mamawh tawk chauh tui pek
• Sprinkler leh Drip Irrigation System hmanga thlai tui pek
• Huan/lo nghet neih nan tlångram terrace-a siam
• Leilet/huan panna tur kawng siam
te a huam a ni.
FUR, THLASIK LEH NIPUI THLAI CHIN THEIHNA TURIN HMUN
HRANG HRANGAH MINOR IRRIGATION DEPARTMENT HIAN
TUIKAWNGTE SIAMIN NASA TAKIN HMA A LA MEK A NI.
Huan/leilet/tlangram terrace thlai chawmna tur tui lak chungchanga hriat chian
duh leh hetiang lama harsatna neite tan englai pawhin Minor Irrigation Department-ah
zawhfiah theih a ni e.
Issued by : Directorate of Minor Irrigation, Mizoram,
Aizawl.